Vane type pump or motor



Dec. 30, 1952 P. HARTMANN 2,623,470

VANE TYPE PUMP 0R MOTOR Filed Aug. 28, 1950 li lh, All

JNVENTOR.

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Patented Dec. 30, 1952 2,623,470 VANE TYPE PUMP R MOTOR Philip Hartmann, Racine, Wis., assignor to Hartmann Manufacturing Company, Racine, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application August 28, 1950, Serial No. 181,720

The invention relates to vane type pumps or motors.

A vane type pump .or motor usually has it drive shafts journalled at onegend within the pump or motor casingandprojecting from the other side of the pump or motor casing with the projecting end of the shaft provided with a shaft seal. The use of shaft seals is objectionable for if the seal is effective, seepage from the rotor chamber may build up objectionable back pressure in the pump or motor housing and the shaft may run hot causing rapid deterioration of the seal with consequent leakage. With leaky shaft seals air tends to enter the pump or motor. The object of the present invention is to provide a pump or motor structure which eliminates a shaft seal and permits oil seepage from the pump or motor chamber and rotor to be bled off so that no back pressures are built up in the pump or motor housing, no frictional resistances are imposed on the shaft tending to heat the shaft and no air is sucked into the pump or motor housmg. j

The invention further consists in the several features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof. J

In the drawings: j

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a pump or motor of the vane type in connection with which the structure of this invention may be used, the section being taken on the broken line |-I of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View through a pump embodying the invention taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detailed vertical sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

The subject of this invention is applicable to any vane type pump or motor in which the rotor with its vanes works in a cylindrical casing, the sides of which have a close running fit with the sides of the rotor and its vanes and is not limited to any particular vane mounting or arrangement. As typical of a vane type form of pump or motor, I have shown a rotor 5keyed to a drive shaft 6 journalled in bearings 1 and 8 mounted in housing sections 9 and Ill. The opening in the section 9 for the shaft 6 is not a bearing and neither this opening northe journals 1 and 8 for this shaft prevent the free flow of air to the interior of thehousing surrounding said shaft and no special shaft seals are'providedto block the flow of air at atmospheric pressure into the interior of the housing at this point. The rotor 5 has a central web I l joining its hub with a rim l2 which extends laterally from both sides of the web I I. A series of radially disposed slots [3 extend through the rim and web of the rotor. Aseries of vanes I4 in the form of hardened metal 3 Claims. (Cl. 103-136) rectangular blocks with radially curved end edges l5 and I6 are mounted to slide in the slots l3 of the rotor.

The shaft 6 with the rotor 5 is eccentrically mounted relative to a cylindrical bore l'I formed in the housing section 9 and provided with a cylindrical liner is. Slots l9 and formed in the liner I3 communicate with inlet and outlet passages 2| and 22 formed in the section 9. Various means may be used to hold or urge the vanes I4 against the inner side of the liner l8, and in the present instance I have shown a pair of concentric rings 23, one adjacent each side of the web ll of the rotor to engage the inner edge [6 of the vanes.

A flat hardened metal ring 24 abuts the back of the bore If to form a side of the chamber and the inner side of the liner l8 abuts the peripheral portion of this plate. Usually another ring, similar to the ring 24, abuts the other side of the liner I8 to form the other side of the rotor chamber, the ends of the vanes and the sides of the rotor having a close running fit between these rings and a shaft seal is provided for the outer end of theshaft 6 and is usually mounted in the section II) of the housing. Shaft seals have been found to be a constant source of trouble. If they are effective to prevent leakage along the shaft, objectionable back pressures may develop :in the space outside of the pump chamber, and also if the seal is tight, the shaft may become heated and cause deterioration of the seal with consequent leakage. Also with leaky seals air tends to enter the pump or motor casing.

To avoid the difficulties consequent upon the use of a shaft seal, the present invention is de signed to eliminate the shaft seal and to provide a construction which permits seepage from the rotor chamber being readily drained or bled from the pump to the usual sump. As shown in the drawings, in place of the usual hardened thin metal ring similar to ring 24 I have provided a hardened metal end plate or ring 25 of considerable width provided with a peripheral groove 26 from which a series of radially disposed holes 2! lead to inner side 28 of the ring, said ring abutting the outer side of the liner l8 and held thereagainst by the inner side 29 of the end casing plate or section It. The ring 25 may be so placed in the pump housing that one of the holes 21 will aline with a drain passage 30 in the casingsection 9 that connects with a drain pipe 34 though this is not essential as the lower part of the groove 25 communicates directly with the drain 30.

The pump or motor above described operates in the usual manner of a vane type pump or motor, that is, the vanes I l and the eccentrically mountedrotor I2 workingin the pump or motorchamber 32 formed by the housing and the plates 24 and 25 associated therewith act to provide expansible and contractible chambers associated with the passages 2i and 22 whereby when the shaft 6 is driven, the device will act as a pump to discharge pressure fluid through the outlet 22 or when pressure fluid is introduced through the inlet 2!, the device will act as a motor and the rotor i2 with the shaft 6 will be revolved. In either case if during the operation of the de- Vice seepage of fluid occurs at the joint between the plate or ring 25 and the liner it, this seepage will drain into the groove 26 and through one or more of the holes or passages 2'! drain into the interior of the ring 25 and thence through the passage 2? communicating with the drain passage 36 connected with the pipe 3!. Also if seepage works through the slots iii in the rotor 01' between the rotor and its vanes and the end plate 24, this seepage draining into the interior of the housing surrounding the shaft 6 will pass from the interior 28 of the ring 25 into the opening 2? alined with the passage 30 and be carried outside of the housing to, for example, the output oil compartment 32 of the usual sump tank 33 having a dam or partition 34 between the compartment 32 and the input oil fluid compartment 35. While the seepages noted above are not very great, the free draining of such seepages from the pump or motor housing prevents the building of objectionable back pressure and avoids the necessity of a seal for the shaft 6 usually mounted in section E9 in front of the bearing 8. With this construction the apparatus runs smoothly and quietly.

While the shaft 6 is shown as projecting from one side of the housing, and this is the usual practice, it will be noted that the shaft 6 could, without departing from the invention, project from both sides of the housing in which instance a ring similar to the ring 26 would be used in place of the ring 24. t will be noted from l ig. 1 that the ports 29 and 59 are equidistantly disposed relative to the axis of the rotor so that the pump or motor may be run in either direction without any change since either of the ports 29 or 19 may be an inlet port and the other a discharge port. Also where I have mentioned that the construction shown'and described herein permits seepage from the rotor chamber being readily drained or bled from the pump and have shown the drain 39 and pipe 3! for this purpose, it is to be understood that the pipe 3| is not connected with either of the passages 2! or 22 but that the pipe 3! drains freely either to a sump or other suitable receptacle for receiving the seepage.

I desire it to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to any particular form or arrangement of parts except in so far as such limitations are included in the claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a vane type motor or pump having a housing provided with a bore and a cylindrical liner for said bore forming the peripheral wall of the pump or motor chamber, a rotor provided with movable vanes working in said chamber, and an unsealed shaft carrying said rotor and journalled in said housing, that improvement which comprises a ring abutting one side of said liner and having an inner side forming a side of said chamher, said ring having drain passages therein connecting its inner and outer peripheries including an annular passage at the outer periphery of the ring, said passages being axially disposed outside of said inner side which abuts said liner and has a running fit with said rotor and vanes, some of said drain passages providing for the leakage from the sides of said pump chamben'and a common drain under atmospheric pressure having fluid connection with said drain passages through which all seepage from the pump or motor chamber drains freely under atmospheric pressure.

2. In a vane type pump or motor, the combination of a housing provided with a bore and a cylindrical liner for said bore forming the peripheral wall of the pump or motor chamber, end plates abutting the sides of said liner and forming the sides of said pump or motor chamher, said chamber having fluid inlet and outlet ports, a rotor provided with movable vanes working in said housing and having a running fit between said ports, an unsealed shaft carrying said motor and journalled in said housing, one of said end plates being a ring provided with a peripheral annular groove disposed axially exterior of the side of said end plate forming a side of said pump or motor chamber, and radially disposed passages in said ring connecting said annular groove with the inner periphery of said ring, said passages permitting seepage of hydraulic fluid from the pump or motor chamber and from the inner portion of said rotor adjacent said shaft, and a common drain connected with said annular groove and having a gravity discharge through which seepage from the pump or motor chamber drains freely under atmospheric pressure.

3. In a vane type motor or pump having a housing provided with a bore and a cylindrical liner for said bore forming the peripheral wall of the pump or motor chamber, a rotor provided with movable vanes working in said chamber, and an unsealed shaft carrying said rotor and journalled in said housing, that improvement which com-: prises a ring abutting one side of said liner and having its peripheral surface adjacent the cylindrical surface of said bore and having an inner side forming a side of said chamber, one of said above named surfaces having an annular groove and said ring having radially disposed drain passages extending from said groove to the inner periphery of said ring, said passages and groove being axially disposed outside of said inner side which abuts said liner and which has a running fit with said rotor and vanes, said passages permitting seepage of hydraulic fluid from the pump or motor chamber and from the inner portion of said rotor adjacent said shaft and a common drain connected with said groove and-having a gravity discharge through which seepage from the pump or motor chamber drains freely from the pump or motor chamber.

PHILIP- HARTMANN,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 465,907 Whipple Dec. 29, 1891 947,670 Nielsen Jan; 25, 1910 1,709,580 Jensen Apr. 16, 1929 1,737,942. Pagel Dec. 3, 1929 1,972,632 Patton i Sept. 4, 1934 2,060,209 Heckert Nov. 10,1936" 2,312,891 7 Ferris Mar. 2', 194-3 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 

